History of bangladesh pdf

Search inside document. Popular in Computing. Edu Mmoja Mutai. Punit Dosi. Usha Baburaj. Bintang Kejora. Mario Mercado. Aiman Bin Idris. Guilherme Pagatini. Dazblonk Black. Antonio Morales. Nitin Kr. Joseph Perez. Junaid Buriro. Dora BA. Carmen Wang. Anonymous aP6KRz. It is the oldest school in Dhaka. Initially, a section of Muslim youths committed to the independence of India were also attracted to the 'cult' of the terrorist movement built upon the colourful notions of 'pledge, violence and terror' but they eventually left it particularly after 'the terrorist movement had started seeking inspiration from Hindu mythology'.

The writers, authors, journalists who originally came from East History of Bangladesh could not leave Calcutta though they also depended on their income from East Bengal.

The largest number of executions took place on 25 March and 14 History of Bangladeshas it became apparent that Bangladesh would become independent.

In Maldah district there were as many Hindus as there were Muslims and so he divided it into half. The Bengal Congress actively opposed the move for keeping Bengal united, independently or History of Bangladesh either of the dominions of India and Pakistan.

Associate members are also elected in book same procedure and are entitled History of Bangladesh all rights and privileges of a History of Bangladesh except that they can neither vote nor propose or second any one for membership. Colonialism, communalism and division of Bengal History of Bangladesh partition of Bengal in was an obvious result of the divisive politics of partitioning India on religious lines, sponsored by the colonialist British regimes and their local collaborators, particularly the Kolkata-based Hindu landed gentry that came to be known as the bhadralok class, born out of the Permanent Settlement of Lands, popularly known as the zamindary system, introduced in History of Bangladesh by Lord Cornwallis in During a protest procession against partition of Bengal in one of those days, Tagore himself tied rakhi around the wrists of many participants belonging to different faiths.

Then the disciple would hold the instrument of oath with two hands and read it out before the oblational fire.

In all the four cases, the Muslims of Bengal were at the receiving end, and therefore proved to be the primary victims of the phenomena. Besides, two foreigners - Margaret Elizabeth Noble, an Irish woman who grew up in the environment of Irish nationalist revolution, who came to be known as Bhagini Nibedita in India, and Okakura, a Japanese professor of painting in Kolkata - had substantive contribution to the growth of terrorist revolutionary movement in Bengal.

Pramathnath Mitra, a young barrister, was made the president of the group, while Aurobinda Ghosha brilliant graduate from England who would finally end up as a Hindu spiritualist, and Chitta Ranjan Dasanother westernised lawyer who would eventually organise his own liberal democratic Swaraj Party, were made the vice-presidents of the organisation.

Muhammad Shahidullah served as the permanent chairman of the award. Atisha was one of the most influential Buddhist priest during the Pala dynasty in Bengal. He was based in Karnasuvarna in modern-day Murshidabad district. Besides, the Foundation day of the Society is observed on 3 January every year and on this occasion an eminent scholar from home or abroad is invited to deliver the Foundation Day Lecture.

But it is very difficult to completely exonerate the entire leadership of the Bengal Muslim League of the responsibility for the riot, particularly after the declaration of August 16 as a 'public holiday' by Suhrawardy, which Hashim himself found to be a 'great blunder' and Khawaja Nazimuddin's declaration on the same day that their 'struggle is against the Congress and the Hindus'.

He vied for regional power with Harshavardhana in northern India after treacherously murdering Harsha's elder brother Rajyavardhana. A total of 4, sets of the Bengali version and 2, of the English version were sold on the day of release. Bangladesh Academy of Sciences is an academic forum for Bangladeshi scientists and technologists. Kamruddin Ahmad Bankim Chandra Chattayapadhya is perhaps mainly responsible for the partition of Bengal.

The latter includes the rise and fall of kingdoms, invasions from within and beyond and their implications, dynastic rules and administration, as well as other aspects of Bangladesh's past and present. The Awami League demanded that changes would be made in regard to East Pakistan.

These changes were embodied in Mujib's Six Points Plan, which he presented at a meeting of opposition parties in Lahore in Those Six Points were as below source: wikipedia.

The constitution should provide for a Federation of Pakistan in its true sense based on the Lahore Resolution and the parliamentary form of government with supremacy of a Legislature directly elected on the basis of universal adult franchise. The federal government should deal with only two subjects: Defence and Foreign Affairs, and all other residual subjects should be vested in the federating states. Furthermore, a separate Banking Reserve should be established and separate fiscal and monetary policy be adopted for East Pakistan.

The power of taxation and revenue collection should be vested in the federating units and the federal centre would have no such power. The federation would be entitled to a share in the state taxes to meet its expenditures. There should be two separate accounts for the foreign exchange earnings of the two wings; the foreign exchange requirements of the federal government should be met by the two wings equally or in a ratio to be fixed; indigenous products should move free of duty between the two wings, and the constitution should empower the units to establish trade links with foreign countries.

East Pakistan should have a separate militia or paramilitary force. These 6-points program was for the greater autonomy of East Pakistan and would reduce the supremacy of West Pakistanis over the East Pakistan. But West Pakistanis, specifically saying, the then military regime and the establishment of West Pakistan, meant those 6-points program as the declaration of de facto independence for East Pakistan and took drastic reaction to it.

Many observers saw the point 6, regarding a separate militia, as the point of most unacceptable to the central government, but they were not correct. The Indo-Pakistan War of had demonstrated the lack of local defense forces in East Pakistan, which left the province defenseless and in-secured, would make East Pakistan as an easy prey of Indian attack. In fact, it was point 4, regarding taxation, that proved to be the problem, because the enactment of this point would make it all but impossible for a central government to operate.

Rather they evaluated it as the conspiracy of India and the Hindus of East Pakistan. Ayub Khan termed it as the below: "His attacks on the Opposition became more 'virulent' and he referred openly to the possibility of Pakistan breaking apart. It could only spell disaster for the country, the people of East Pakistan would be turned into slaves, and he reminded them how they had been dominated by Hindus during British days.

Islamic countries flourished in history at times when a strong central authority existed and fell into decadence at times of weak central authority. The Government would not tolerate any attempt to tamper with the unity and solidarity of the Nation and expressed his concern at the activities of Opposition parties. But the East Pakistanis could not receive his talk of resorting to weapons and civil war, they judged it badly and almost all East Pakistanis resented his talks.

GOP arrested him on 18 April, released on bail, re-arrested on another charge and finally again released on bail. The Ayub government invented a strange allegation against a comparatively small number of Bengali civil servants, ex-military officers, military officers and politicians, who jointly planned to assassinate President Ayub Khan during his recent visit to East Pakistan. According to their invention, they foiled the conspiracy and subsequently arrested between 50 and 60 Bengalis.

This case turned the sentiments of the Bengalis of the East Pakistan against discrimination of the ruler class, they started to believe that the establishment of West Pakistan and their military regime would keep continuing the exploitation of the East Pakistanis in all fronts, they did not pay any honor to the Bengalis and by hook or crook, the West Pakistanis would dominated and kept the state power in their hand to suck East Pakistanis as usual.

While the prosecution wanted to dub Mujib a traitor, Bengalis made a hero out of him. The trial conferred such popularity on Mujib that would otherwise have taken him a lifetime to acquire. In Dhaka, police opened fire on a procession against the rule of Ayub Khan, Asad a student leader and a high-school student Matiur Rahman had been killed. It created resentments among the Bengali, gave rise to the Mass Uprising of gono-abhyuththaan in East Pakistan. This incident ignited in the mass uprising in East Pakistan too.

His political party, the Pakistan Muslim League PML - never became an effective organization, it appeared to have the virtually collapsed and they CIA started to believe that Pakistan stood on the brink. On the 31st of March, he declared himself as the President of Pakistan. Mujib urged to realize the demand of the Bengali by the West Pakistani establishment and military regime to make the justifications between the two wings. He insisted that he would still want to stay in one Pakistan, but the West Pakistani establishment and military regime could not realize it.

Even they tried to spoil the situation by making false propaganda against the Bengali leaders of East Pakistan. Thus, the resentment of the Bengalis over allegedly insufficient GOP interest clashed with West Pakistan feelings that Bengali demands were unreasonable. He termed that the name of East Pakistan was forcibly imposed on the Bengali nation.

In the Awami League, the largest East Pakistani political party, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, won a landslide victory in the national elections. The party won out of the seats allotted to East Pakistan, and thus a majority of the seats in the National Assembly.

This gave the Awami League the constitutional right to form a government. National Council Election, The election was held on 7 December The total voters were 29,, and the casting votes were 17,, The summary of the National Council Election, Wikipedia.

The percentage of casting votes was The summary of the Provincial Council Election, Wikipedia. Instead, he proposed the idea of having two Prime Ministers, one for each wing.

Hence, on 21 January , Mujib called a meeting of all political leaders of Pakistan to discuss on this issue. Paki-Demon: the portrait of Gen. Yahya Khan February Sheikh Mujib announced that there was a conspiracy to undermine the election results and the establishment of Pakistan would not let to form the government according to the election result. He said that the people of West Pakistan voted against the 6-points of Awami League.